The Journal of Pain
Volume 8, Issue 8 , Pages 624-636 , August 2007

People in Pain: How Do They Seek Relief?

  • Qiuling Shi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
  • ,
  • Gary Langer

      Affiliations

    • ABC News Polling Unit, New York, New York.
  • ,
  • Jon Cohen

      Affiliations

    • ABC News Polling Unit, New York, New York.
    • Jon Cohen is currently Director of Polling for The Washington Post, Washington, D. C.
  • ,
  • Charles S. Cleeland

      Affiliations

    • Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Charles S. Cleeland, PhD, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 221, Houston, TX 77030.

Received 12 September 2006 ,Revised 5 March 2007 ,Accepted 21 March 2007.

References 

  1. AAPOR: Standard Definitions: Final Dispositions of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Surveys. Available at http://www.aapor.org/standards.asp. Accessed August 31, 2006.
  2. ABC News Original Report: Poll: Americans Searching for Pain Relief. Available at http://abcnews.go.com/Health/PainManagement/story?id=732395. Accessed August 31, 2006.
  3. Blyth FM, March LM, Brnabic AJ, Jorm LR, Williamson M, Cousins MJ. Chronic pain in Australia: A prevalence study. Pain. 2001;89:127–134
  4. Blyth FM, March LM, Cousins MJ. Chronic pain-related disability and use of analgesia and health services in a Sydney community. Med J Aust. 2003;179:84–87
  5. Breivik H, Collett B, Ventafridda V, Cohen R, Gallacher D. Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment. Eur J Pain. 2006;10:287–333
  6. Cleeland CS, Gonin R, Hatfield AK, Edmonson JH, Blum RH, Stewart JA, et al. Pain and its treatment in outpatients with metastatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:592–596
  7. Cleeland CS, Ryan KM. Pain assessment: Global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1994;23:129–138
  8. Curtin R, Presser S, Singer E. The effects of response rate changes on the index of consumer sentiment. Public Opin Q. 2000;64:413–428
  9. Daaleman TP, VandeCreek L. Placing religion and spirituality in end-of-life care. JAMA. 2000;284:2514–2517
  10. Dunn KM, Croft PR. The importance of symptom duration in determining prognosis. Pain. 2006;121:126–132
  11. Edwards RR, Doleys DM, Fillingim RB, Lowery D. Ethnic differences in pain tolerance: Clinical implications in a chronic pain population. Psychosom Med. 2001;63:316–323
  12. Eriksen J, Jensen MK, Sjogren P, Ekholm O, Rasmussen NK. Epidemiology of chronic non-malignant pain in Denmark. Pain. 2003;106:221–228
  13. Green CR, Baker TA, Smith EM, Sato Y. The effect of race in older adults presenting for chronic pain management: A comparative study of black and white Americans. J Pain. 2003;4:82–90
  14. Gureje O, Von Korff M, Simon GE, Gater R. Persistent pain and well-being: A World Health Organization Study in Primary Care. JAMA. 1998;280:147–151
  15. Holcombe RF, Griffin J. Effect of insurance status on pain medication prescriptions in a hematology/oncology practice. South Med J. 1993;86:151–156
  16. Jensen MK, Sjogren P, Ekholm O, Rasmussen NK, Eriksen J. Identifying a long-term/chronic, non-cancer pain population using a one-dimensional verbal pain rating scale: An epidemiological study. Eur J Pain. 2004;8:145–152
  17. Keeter S, Miller C, Kohut A, Groves RM, Presser S. Consequences of reducing nonresponse in a national telephone survey. Public Opin Q. 2000;64:125–148
  18. Kjoller M, Thoning H. Characteristics of non-response in the Danish Health Interview Surveys, 1987-1994. Eur J Public Health. 2005;15:528–535
  19. Lin SJ, Crawford SY, Warren SJ. Potential access and revealed access to pain management medications. Soc Sci Med. 2005;60:1881–1891
  20. Manek NJ, MacGregor AJ. Epidemiology of back disorders: Prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005;17:134–140
  21. McCaffrey AM, Eisenberg DM, Legedza AT, Davis RB, Phillips RS. Prayer for health concerns: Results of a national survey on prevalence and patterns of use. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:858–862
  22. McGrath PA, Speechley KN, Seifert CE, Biehn JT, Cairney AE, Gorodzinsky FP, et al. A survey of children’s acute, recurrent, and chronic pain: Validation of the pain experience interview. Pain. 2000;87:59–73
  23. Merkle DM, Edelman M. Nonresponse in Exit Polls: A Comprehensive Analysis. In:  Groves RM,  Dillman DA,  Eltinge JL,  Little RJA editor. Survey Nonresponse. New York, NY: Wiley; 2002;p. 243–258
  24. National Bureau of Economic Research: Current Population Survey (CPS) Basic Monthly Data at the NBER. Available at http://www.nber.org/data/cps_basic.html. Accessed August 31, 2006.
  25. National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States. 2006;Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus.htm. Accessed December 19, 2006.
  26. Portenoy RK, Ugarte C, Fuller I, Haas G. Population-based survey of pain in the United States: Differences among white, African American, and Hispanic subjects. J Pain. 2004;5:317–328
  27. Ricard-Hibon A, Ducasse JL, Ravaud P, Wood C, Viel E, Chauvin M, et al. Quality control programme for acute pain management in emergency medicine: a national survey. Eur J Emerg Med. 2004;11:198–203
  28. Saastamoinen P, Leino-Arjas P, Laaksonen M, Lahelma E. Socio-economic differences in the prevalence of acute, chronic and disabling chronic pain among ageing employees. Pain. 2005;114:364–371
  29. Salsberg ES, Forte GJ. Trends in the physician workforce, 1980-2000. Health Aff (Millwood). 2002;21:165–173
  30. Scudds RJ, Robertson JM. Empirical evidence of the association between the presence of musculoskeletal pain and physical disability in community-dwelling senior citizens. Pain. 1998;75:229–235
  31. Serlin RC, Mendoza TR, Nakamura Y, Edwards KR, Cleeland CS. When is cancer pain mild, moderate or severe? (Grading pain severity by its interference with function). Pain. 1995;61:277–284
  32. U.S. Census Bureau. Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States. 2004;Available at http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p60-229.pdf. Accessed August 31, 2006.
  33. Von Korff M, Dworkin SF, Le RL, Kruger A. An epidemiologic comparison of pain complaints. Pain. 1988;32:173–183
  34. Wang XS, Cleeland CS, Mendoza TR, Engstrom MC, Liu S, Xu G, et al. The effects of pain severity on health-related quality of life: A study of Chinese cancer patients. Cancer. 1999;86:1848–1855
  35. Ward SE, Goldberg N, Miller-McCauley V, Mueller C, Nolan A, Pawlik-Plank D, et al. Patient-related barriers to management of cancer pain. Pain. 1993;52:319–324

 Supported by the Hawn Foundation Training Program in Symptom Research, ABC News, Stanford University Medical Center, and USA Today.

PII: S1526-5900(07)00642-6

doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.03.006

The Journal of Pain
Volume 8, Issue 8 , Pages 624-636 , August 2007