The Journal of Pain
Volume 9, Issue 6 , Pages 552-565 , June 2008

Further Development of the Multidimensional Pain Readiness to Change Questionnaire: The MPRCQ2

  • Warren R. Nielson

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Medicine (Division of Rheumatology) and Psychology, University of Western Ontario and the Beryl and Richard Ivey Rheumatology Day Programs, St. Joseph's Health Care London, Ontario, Canada.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Dr. W.R. Nielson, Beryl and Richard Ivey Rheumatology Day Programs, 268 Grosvenor Street, St. Joseph's Health Care, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada.
  • ,
  • Mark P. Jensen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Multidisciplinary Pain Center, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
  • ,
  • Dawn M. Ehde

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Multidisciplinary Pain Center, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
  • ,
  • Robert D. Kerns

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, and VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.
  • ,
  • Ivan R. Molton

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Multidisciplinary Pain Center, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.

Received 26 April 2007 ,Revised 25 October 2007 ,Accepted 17 January 2008.

References 

  1. Bandura A. The anatomy of stages of change. Am J Health Prom. 1997;12:8–10
  2. Glenn B, Burns JW. Pain self-management in the process and outcome of multidisciplinary treatment of chronic pain: Evaluation of a stage of change model. J Behav Med. 2003;26:417–433
  3. Burns JW, Glenn B, Lofland K, Bruehl S, Harden RN. Stages of change in readiness to adopt a self-management approach to chronic pain: The moderating role of early-treatment stage progression in predicting outcome. Pain. 2005;115:322–331
  4. Flor H, Fydrich T, Turk DC. Efficacy of multidisciplinary pain treatment centers: A meta-analytic review. Pain. 1992;49:221–230
  5. Habib S, Morrissey SA, Helmes E. Readiness to adopt a self-management approach to pain: Evaluation of the pain stages of change model in a non-pain-clinic sample. Pain. 2003;104:283–290
  6. Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling. 1999;6:1–55
  7. Jensen MP, Keefe FJ, Lefebvre JC, Romano JM, Turner JA. One- and two-item measures of pain beliefs and coping strategies. Pain. 2003;104:453–469
  8. Jensen MP, Nielson WR, Kerns RD. Toward the development of a motivational model of pain self-management. J Pain. 2003;4:477–492
  9. Jensen MP, Nielson WR, Turner JA, Romano JM, Hill ML. Readiness to self-manage pain is associated with coping and with psychological and physical functioning among patients with chronic pain. Pain. 2003;104:11095–11103
  10. Jensen MP, Nielson WR, Romano JM, Hill ML, Turner JA. Further evaluation of the pain stages of change questionnaire: Is the transtheoretical model of change useful for patients with chronic pain?. Pain. 2000;86:255–264
  11. Jensen MP, Turner JA, Romano JM. Changes in beliefs, catastrophizing, and coping are associated with improvement in multidisciplinary pain treatment. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2001;69:655–662
  12. Jensen MP, Turner JA, Romano JM. Changes after multidisciplinary pain treatment in patient pain beliefs and coping are associated with concurrent changes in patient functioning. Pain. 2007;131:38–47
  13. Jensen MP, Turner JA, Romano JM, Strom SE. The Chronic Pain Coping Inventory: Development and preliminary validation. Pain. 1995;60:203–216
  14. Kerns R, Rosenberg R. Predicting responses to self-management treatments for chronic pain: Application of the pain stages of change model. Pain. 2000;84:49–55
  15. Kerns RD, Rosenberg R, Jamison RN, Caudill MA, Haythornwaite J. Readiness to adopt a self-management approach to chronic pain: The Pain Stages of Change Questionnaire (PSOCQ). Pain. 1997;72:227–234
  16. Kerns RD, Wagner J, Rosenberg R, Haythornthwaite J, Caudill-Slosberg M. Identification of subgroups of persons with chronic pain based on the Pain Stages of Change Questionnaire. Pain. 2005;116:302–310
  17. Littell JH, Girvin H. Stages of change: A critique. Behav Modif. 2002;26:223–273
  18. Muthen L, Muthen B. Mplus User's Guide. 3rd edition. Los Angeles, CA: Muthen & Muthen; 2004;
  19. Nielson W, Jensen M, Kerns R. Initial Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Pain Readiness to Change Questionnaire (MPRCQ). J Pain. 2003;4:148–158
  20. Nielson WR, Weir R. Biopsychosocial approaches to the treatment of chronic pain. Clin J Pain. 2001;17(suppl):S114–S127
  21. Nishisato N, Torii Y. Effects of categorizing continuous normal distributions on the product-moment correlation. Jpn Psychol Res. 1970;13:45–49
  22. Prochaska J, Velicer W. The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. Am J Health Promot. 1997;12:38–48
  23. Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC, Norcross JC. In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. Am Psychol. 1992;47:1102–1114
  24. Rosenstiel AK, Keefe FJ. The use of coping strategies in chronic low back pain patients: Relationship to patient characteristics and current adjustment. Pain. 1983;17:33–44
  25. Strong J, Westbury K, Smith G, McKenzie I, Ryan W. Treatment outcome in individuals with chronic pain: Is the Pain Stages of Change Questionnaire (PSOCQ) a useful tool?. Pain. 2002;97:65–73
  26. Turk DC, Rudy TE. Neglected topics in the treatment of chronic pain patients: Relapse, noncompliance, and adherence enhancement. Pain. 1991;44:5–28
  27. Turner JA, Jensen MP, Romano JM. Do beliefs, coping, and catastrophizing independently predict functioning in patients with chronic pain?. Pain. 2000;85:115–125
  28. Vlaeyen JWS, Nielson WR, van Houdenhove B. Proceedings of the 11th World Congress on Pain. In:  Flor H,  Kalso E,  Dostrovsky JO editor. Overuse as a risk factor for pain disability: Cognitive-behavioral models and interventions. Seattle, WA: IASP Press; 2006;p. 585–596
  29. Williams DA. Psychological and behavioral therapies in fibromyalgia and related syndromes. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2003;17:649–655

 Supported in part by grant P01 HD33988 from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Center for Rehabilitation Research to Dr. Jensen. Support for Dr. Kerns comes from the Veterans Health Administration Office of Research and Development and the Donaghue Research Foundation. None of the authors have accepted any funding from nongovernment and for-profit organizations.

PII: S1526-5900(08)00353-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.01.327

The Journal of Pain
Volume 9, Issue 6 , Pages 552-565 , June 2008