The Journal of Pain
Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 230-238, March 2010

A New Transient Sham TENS Device Allows for Investigator Blinding While Delivering a True Placebo Treatment

  • Barbara Rakel

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Nursing, Iowa City, Iowa
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Barbara Rakel, RN, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Iowa College of Nursing, 50 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242.
    • ,
  • Nicholas Cooper

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Heather J. Adams

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Bryan R. Messer

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Laura A. Frey Law

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Douglas R. Dannen

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Carrie A. Miller

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Anya C. Polehna

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Rachelle C. Ruggle

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Carol G.T. Vance

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa
    • ,
  • Deirdre M. Walsh

      Affiliations

    • University of Ulster, Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Research Institute, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, UK
    • ,
  • Kathleen A. Sluka

      Affiliations

    • University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Iowa City, Iowa

Received 24 February 2009; received in revised form 24 June 2009; accepted 16 July 2009. published online 30 November 2009.

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 Supported by NIH R03 NR010405, Congdon Faculty Development fund, and the Carver College of Medicine at the University of Iowa.

PII: S1526-5900(09)00655-5

doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2009.07.007

The Journal of Pain
Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 230-238, March 2010

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