The Journal of Pain
Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 239-246 , March 2010

Predictability of Painful Stimulation Modulates Subjective and Physiological Responses

  • Shunichi Oka

      Affiliations

    • Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Dr. Shunichi Oka, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda Surugadai Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
  • ,
  • C. Richard Chapman

      Affiliations

    • Pain Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
  • ,
  • Barkhwa Kim

      Affiliations

    • Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
  • ,
  • Osamu Shimizu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
  • ,
  • Noboru Noma

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral Diagnosis, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
  • ,
  • Osamu Takeichi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
  • ,
  • Yoshiki Imamura

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral Diagnosis, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
  • ,
  • Yoshiyuki Oi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan

Received 8 July 2009 ,Revised 14 July 2009 ,Accepted 18 July 2009.

References 

  1. al Absi M, Rokke PD. Can anxiety help us tolerate pain?. Pain. 1991;46:43–51
  2. Blanchard RJ, Yudko EB, Rodgers RJ, Blanchard DC. Defense system psychopharmacology: An ethological approach to the pharmacology of fear and anxiety. Behav Brain Res. 1993;58:155–165
  3. Bradley MM, Silakowski T, Lang PJ. Fear of pain and defensive activation. Pain. 2007;137:156–163
  4. Brauer M, ter Kuile MM, Janssen SA, Laan E. The effect of pain-related fear on sexual arousal in women with superficial dyspareunia. Eur J Pain. 2007;11:788–798
  5. Bromm B, Meier W. The intracutaneous stimulus: A new pain model for algesimetric studies. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1984;6:405–410
  6. Bushnell MC, Duncan GH, Dubner R, Jones RL, Maixner W. Attentional influences on noxious and innocuous cutaneous heat detection in humans and monkeys. J Neurosci. 1985;5:1103–1110
  7. Carleton RN, Sharpe D, Asmundson GJ. Anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty: Requisites of the fundamental fears?. Behav Res Ther. 2007;45:2307–2316
  8. Carlsson K, Andersson J, Petrovic P, Petersson KM, Ohman A, Ingvar M. Predictability modulates the affective and sensory-discriminative neural processing of pain. Neuroimage. 2006;32:1804–1814
  9. Chapman CR. Limbic processes and the affective dimension of pain. Prog Brain Res. 1996;110:63–81
  10. Chapman CR, Donaldson GW, Nakamura Y, Jacobson RC, Bradshaw DH, Gavrin J. A psychophysiological causal model of pain report validity. J Pain. 2002;3:143–155
  11. Chapman CR, Oka S, Bradshaw DH, Jacobson RC, Donaldson GW. Phasic pupil dilation response to noxious stimulation in normal volunteers: Relationship to brain evoked potentials and pain report. Psychophysiology. 1999;36:44–52
  12. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed.. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 1988;
  13. Cornwall A, Donderi DC. The effect of experimentally induced anxiety on the experience of pressure pain. Pain. 1988;35:105–113
  14. Crombez G, Vlaeyen JW, Heuts PH, Lysens R: Pain-related fear is more disabling than pain itself: Evidence on the role of pain-related fear in chronic back pain disability. Pain 80:329-339, 999
  15. Donaldson GW, Chapman CR, Nakamura Y, Bradshaw DH, Jacobson RC, Chapman CN. Pain and the defense response: Structural equation modeling reveals a coordinated psychophysiological response to increasing painful stimulation. Pain. 2003;102:97–108
  16. Ellermeier W, Westphal W. Gender differences in pain ratings and pupil reactions to painful pressure stimuli. Pain. 1995;61:435–439
  17. Garcia-Larrea L, Peyron R, Laurent B, Mauguiere F. Association and dissociation between laser-evoked potentials and pain perception. Neuroreport. 1997;8:3785–3789
  18. Granholm E, Steinhauer SR. Pupillometric measures of cognitive and emotional processes. Int J Psychophysiol. 2004;52:1–6
  19. Gratton G, Bosco CM, Kramer AF, Coles MG, Wickens CD, Donchin E. Event-related brain potentials as indices of information extraction and response priming. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1990;75:419–432
  20. Janisse MP. Pupillometry, 1st Edition. New York, NY: Wiley; 1977;
  21. Kakigi R, Inui K, Tamura Y. Electrophysiological studies on human pain perception. Clin Neurophysiol. 2005;116:743–763
  22. Kalisch R, Wiech K, Critchley HD, Dolan RJ. Levels of appraisal: A medial prefrontal role in high-level appraisal of emotional material. Neuroimage. 2006;30:1458–1466
  23. Kenntner-Mabiala R, Pauli P. Affective modulation of brain potentials to painful and nonpainful stimuli. Psychophysiology. 2005;42:559–567
  24. Leeuw M, Goossens ME, Linton SJ, Crombez G, Boersma K, Vlaeyen JW. The fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: Current state of scientific evidence. J Behav Med. 2007;30:77–94
  25. Lorenz J, Garcia-Larrea L. Contribution of attentional and cognitive factors to laser evoked brain potentials. Neurophysiol Clin. 2003;33:293–301
  26. Meagher MW, Arnau RC, Rhudy JL. Pain and emotion: Effects of affective picture modulation. Psychosom Med. 2001;63:79–90
  27. Miltner WH, Weiss T. Brain electrical correlates of pain processing. Z Rheumatol. 1998;57(Suppl 2):14–18
  28. Moseley GL, Brhyn L, Ilowiecki M, Solstad K, Hodges PW. The threat of predictable and unpredictable pain: Differential effects on central nervous system processing?. Aust J Physiother. 2003;49:263–267
  29. Murray EA, Mishkin M. Severe tactual memory deficits in monkeys after combined removal of the amygdala and hippocampus. Brain Res. 1983;270:340–344
  30. Nouwen A, Cloutier C, Kappas A, Warbrick T, Sheffield D. Effects of focusing and distraction on cold pressor-induced pain in chronic back pain patients and control subjects. J Pain. 2006;7:62–71
  31. Ochsner KN, Ludlow DH, Knierim K, Hanelin J, Ramachandran T, Glover GC, et al. Neural correlates of individual differences in pain-related fear and anxiety. Pain. 2006;120:69–77
  32. Oka S, Chapman CR, Jacobson RC. Phasic pupil dilation response to noxious stimulation: Effect of conduction distance, sex, and age. J Psychophysiology. 2000;14:97–105
  33. Oka S, Chapman CR, Kim B, Nakajima I, Shimizu O, Oi Y. Pupil dilation response to noxious stimulation: Effect of varying nitrous oxide concentration. Clin Neurophysiol. 2007;118:2016–2024
  34. Peyron R, Laurent B, Garcia-Larrea L. Functional imaging of brain responses to pain. A review and meta-analysis (2000). Neurophysiol Clin. 2000;30:263–288
  35. Ploghaus A, Narain C, Beckmann CF, Clare S, Bantick S, Wise R, et al. Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network. J Neurosci. 2001;21:9896–9903
  36. Ploghaus A, Tracey I, Gati JS, Clare S, Menon RS, Matthews PM, et al. Dissociating pain from its anticipation in the human brain. Science. 1999;284:1979–1981
  37. Price DD. Psychological and neural mechanisms of the affective dimension of pain. Science. 2000;288:1769–1772
  38. Rhudy JL, Meagher MW. Fear and anxiety: Divergent effects on human pain thresholds. Pain. 2000;84:65–75
  39. Rhudy JL, Meagher MW. Negative affect: Effects on an evaluative measure of human pain. Pain. 2003;104:617–626
  40. Rhudy JL, Williams AE, McCabe KM, Nguyen MA, Rambo P. Affective modulation of nociception at spinal and supraspinal levels. Psychophysiology. 2005;42:579–587
  41. Robinson ME, Gagnon CM, Dannecker EA, Brown JL, Jump RL, Price DD. Sex differences in common pain events: Expectations and anchors. J Pain. 2003;4:40–45
  42. Sambeth A, Maes JH, Brankack J. With long intervals, inter-stimulus interval is the critical determinant of the human P300 amplitude. Neurosci Lett. 2004;359:143–146
  43. Schmidt GN, Scharein E, Siegel M, Muller J, Debener S, Nitzschke R, et al. Identification of sensory blockade by somatosensory and pain-induced evoked potentials. Anesthesiology. 2007;106:707–714
  44. Sokolov EN. The orienting response, and future directions of its development. Pavlov J Biol Sci. 1990;25:142–150
  45. Sokolov EN. Perception and the conditioned reflex, 1st Edition. Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press; 1963;
  46. Ushida T, Ikemoto T, Taniguchi S, Ishida K, Murata Y, Ueda W, et al. Virtual pain stimulation of allodynia patients activates cortical representation of pain and emotions: A functional MRI study. Brain Topogr. 2005;18:27–35
  47. Van Damme S, Crombez G, Van Nieuwenborgh-De Wever K, Goubert L. Is distraction less effective when pain is threatening? An experimental investigation with the cold pressor task. Eur J Pain. 2008;12:60–67
  48. Wager TD. Expectations and anxiety as mediators of placebo effects in pain. Pain. 2005;115:225–226
  49. Walter H, Lesch OM, Stohr H, Grunberger J, Gutierrez-Lobos K. Reaction to pain stimulus before and during hypnosis measured by pupillary reaction. Am J Clin Hypn. 2005;48:145–152
  50. Weisenberg M. Psychological intervention for the control of pain. Behav Res Ther. 1987;25:301–312
  51. Weisenberg M, Aviram O, Wolf Y, Raphaeli N. Relevant and irrelevant anxiety in the reaction to pain. Pain. 1984;20:371–383
  52. Yamasaki H, Kakigi R, Watanabe S, Hoshiyama M. Effects of distraction on pain-related somatosensory evoked magnetic fields and potentials following painful electrical stimulation. Brain Res Cogn BrainRes. 2000;9:165–175

 Support for this research came from the following grants: 1) Japanese Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research (No. 14657535); 2) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (No. 16592026) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science Technology; and 3) the Sato Fund, Nihon University School of Dentistry(S. O., 2009).

PII: S1526-5900(09)00658-0

doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2009.07.009

The Journal of Pain
Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 239-246 , March 2010