The Journal of Pain
Volume 11, Issue 7 , Pages 672-680, July 2010

Preliminary Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (ChCPCI) in a Hong Kong Chinese Population

  • Wing S. Wong

      Affiliations

    • Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Dr Wing S. Wong, Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
    • ,
  • Mark P. Jensen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
    • ,
  • Kan H. Mak

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
    • ,
  • Barry K.H. Tam

      Affiliations

    • Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
    • ,
  • Richard Fielding

      Affiliations

    • Health Behaviour Research Group, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong

Received 25 June 2009; received in revised form 26 September 2009; accepted 12 October 2009. published online 16 December 2009.

Abstract 

The Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (CPCI) is a frequently used measure that assesses 8 categories of coping strategies that patients might use to cope with chronic pain. Despite its good psychometric properties and widespread use, the instrument has not been tested for its applicability and validity in non-Western populations, such as among Chinese. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of a Chinese translation of the 42-item CPCI (ChCPCI-42) in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain (n = 208). In addition to the ChCPCI-42, the patients were administered the Chronic Pain Grade (CPG) questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Centre for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D), and questions assessing sociodemographic characteristics. Results of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that of the ChCPCI-42 8 scales, 6 demonstrated acceptable-to-good data-model fit (CFI ≥ 0.90) and 2 demonstrated medium fit (CFI ≥ 0.85). The 8 scales demonstrated adequate to good internal consistency (Cronbach α, 0.69 to 0.79) and correlated with CES-D, PCS, pain intensity, and disability in expected directions. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that the ChCPCI-42 scales predicted concurrent depression (F (8,177) = 3.07, P < .01) and pain disability (F (1, 179) = 4.35, P < .001) scores, the Task Persistence scale being the strongest unique predictor among the 8 scales. The findings support the factorial validity and reliability of a 42-item CPCI that can be used among Chinese patients with chronic pain.

Perspective

The report outlines the first validation of the CPCI for use in Hong Kong Chinese. This makes available a suitable instrument for chronic pain research in the Southern Chinese population and will help to elucidate similarities and differences in pain coping between Chinese and other ethnic groups.

Key words: Chronic pain, coping strategies, Chinese, confirmatory factor analysis

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 Supported by the Health and Health Services Research Fund (Project No. 04060591) and a CityU New Staff Start-up Grant (Project No. 7200117).

PII: S1526-5900(09)00785-8

doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2009.10.008

The Journal of Pain
Volume 11, Issue 7 , Pages 672-680, July 2010

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