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Published online: April 26, 2010
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© 2010 American Pain Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- Perceiving Pain in Others: Automatic and Controlled MechanismsThe Journal of PainVol. 11Issue 2
- PreviewRecent developments in clinical, cognitive, and behavioral sciences as well as in social neuroscience can provide new perspectives on our understanding of different forms of pain expression and the social reactions of observers to various types of pain expression. Studies indicate that pain expression is governed by both automatic (unintentional, reflexive) and controlled (intentional, purposive) neuroregulatory systems. Reciprocal mechanisms in observers responsible for automatic (unintentional, reflexive) and controlled (intentional, reflective) reactions also are important.
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