Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of an abbreviated
version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) in a clinical sample of patients
with chronic pain. Chronic pain patients (n = 276) seeking treatment at an interdisciplinary
treatment center completed self-report questionnaires including the TSK-13, and 2
tests of physical functioning. Four competing models of the TSK were tested using
confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was assessed, as were discriminant
evidence of construct validity and concurrent criterion-related validity. Incremental
validity was assessed with hierarchical multiple regressions controlling for pain
severity. The analyses indicated that an 11-item, 2-factor structure best fit the
data. The first factor, somatic focus, consisted of 5 items, while the second factor,
activity avoidance, was comprised of 6 items. The TSK-11 scales demonstrated acceptable
levels of internal consistency, as well as evidence of discriminant, concurrent criterion-related,
and incremental validity. Somatic focus uniquely predicted perceived disability while
activity avoidance uniquely predicted actual physical performance, controlling for
pain severity. The 2-factor structure of the TSK-11 was found to be a brief, reliable,
and valid measure of fear of movement/(re)injury for chronic pain patients. We recommend
that the TSK-11 be used in future research and in clinical settings.
Perspective
In this study, confirmatory factor analysis identified the 2-factor TSK-11 as the
best fitting model of TSK factor structure. The TSK-11 is a brief, reliable, and valid
measure of fear of movement/(re)injury for chronic pain patients.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
July 3,
2012
Received in revised form:
June 8,
2012
Received:
March 12,
2012
Footnotes
The authors have no funding sources or conflicts of interest to report in the conduct or publication of this research.
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 American Pain Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
