Abstract
An 8-item version of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ-8) has recently
been proposed and validated. The aims of this study were to further investigate the
reliability and validity of the CPAQ-8 in a new sample. Questionnaires were completed
by 550 people with chronic pain (478 online survey, 72 paper survey). A demographic
and pain history questionnaire was administered along with the CPAQ-8 and measures
of pain self-efficacy, pain catastrophizing, psychological flexibility in pain, anxiety,
and mood. In addition, 105 respondents completed the CPAQ-8 within 6 weeks to provide
test-retest reliability data. The 2-factor structure of the CPAQ-8 (Activity Engagement
[AE] and Pain Willingness [PW]) was confirmed and had reasonable-to-good scale score
reliability and test-retest reliability. Pain acceptance as measured by the CPAQ-8
was associated with less depression, anxiety, pain interference, fear of reinjury,
pain catastrophizing, and psychological inflexibility in pain, and higher levels of
satisfaction with life, pain self-efficacy, and general acceptance. Furthermore, pain
acceptance fully mediated the relationship between reported pain severity and emotional
distress (anxiety and depression) and partially mediated the relationship between
pain severity and pain interference in a structural equation model. The test-retest
reliability after 4 to 6 weeks ranged from .68 for PW to .86 for AE; the overall score
correlation was .81. We conclude that the CPAQ-8 is a reliable and valid measure of
pain acceptance and that the 2 subscales of the measure each make an individual contribution
to the prediction of adjustment in people with chronic pain.
Perspective
The present study provides further evidence for the reliability and validity of the
CPAQ-8. Support was found for the 2 related subscales, PW and AE, which appear to
work in synergy to influence levels of pain interference and emotional distress in
people living with chronic pain.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
November 11,
2012
Received in revised form:
October 16,
2012
Received:
December 18,
2011
Footnotes
The authors have no conflicts of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 American Pain Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
