Abstract
PAIN OUT is a European Commission-funded project aiming at improving postoperative
pain management. It combines a registry that can be useful for quality improvement
and research using treatment and patient-reported outcome measures. The core of the
project is a patient questionnaire—the International Pain Outcomes questionnaire—that
comprises key patient-level outcomes of postoperative pain management, including pain
intensity, physical and emotional functional interference, side effects, and perceptions
of care. Its psychometric quality after translation and adaptation to European patients
is the subject of this validation study. The questionnaire was administered to 9,727
patients in 10 languages in 8 European countries and Israel. Construct validity was
assessed using factor analysis. Discriminant validity assessment used Mann-Whitney
U tests to detect mean group differences between 2 surgical disciplines. Internal
consistency reliability was calculated as Cronbach's alpha. Factor analysis resulted
in a 3-factor structure explaining 53.6% of variance. Cronbach's alpha at overall
scale level was high (.86), and for the 3 subscales was low, moderate, or high (range,
.53–.89). Significant mean group differences between general and orthopedic surgery
patients confirmed discriminant validity. The psychometric quality of the International
Pain Outcomes questionnaire can be regarded as satisfactory.
Perspective
The International Pain Outcomes questionnaire provides an instrument for postoperative
pain assessment and improvement of quality of care, which demonstrated good psychometric
quality when translated into a variety of languages in a large European and Israeli
patient population. This measure provides the basis for the first comprehensive postoperative
pain registry in Europe and other countries.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 09, 2013
Accepted:
May 29,
2013
Received in revised form:
May 28,
2013
Received:
May 8,
2012
Footnotes
The PAIN OUT project is funded by the European Commission 7th Framework Programme, Call HEALTH-2007-3.1-4: Improving clinical decision making, and endorsed by the International Association for the Study of Pain.
None of the authors reported any conflict of interest.
Supplementary data accompanying this article are available online at www.jpain.org and www.sciencedirect.com.
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc.
